Re: the relational model of data objects *and* program objects

Kenneth Downs wrote:
> The relational model is permanently hobbled by normalization.
Normalization
> provides an astoundingly simple and powerful way to pursue
conformance, but
> it has nothing to offer in the area of *completeness*. A normalized
> database is required to be incomplete, to be missing data that is
valuable
> to the computer's human masters, data that would serve them well by
its
> existence and which causes confusion and expense by its absence.

Please explain: how does normalization require a database to be incomplete, missing data? If you mean the relationships between data in tables/relations, then that is what referential integrity constraints are for! Received on Wed Apr 13 2005 - 12:09:44 CEST