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icon5.gif  Returning all rows that equal a max(value) [message #479144] Thu, 14 October 2010 13:56 Go to next message
mandie722
Messages: 2
Registered: October 2010
Junior Member
I'm trying to write a query that counts how many sessions are active during a 1 second time interval, then returns the maximum number of sessions active during any time interval, and all the time intervals that hit that max.

Here's a sample of the inner query results:
"INTERVAL_VALUE"	"SESSIONS"
"13:14:47"	        13
"13:14:52"	        13
"13:14:54"	        13
"13:19:05"	        4
"13:19:28"	        4
"13:19:37"	        4
"13:09:45"	        1
"13:09:46"	        1
"13:10:15"	        11
"13:10:21"	        11


The max(sessions) is 13, so what I want the final output to be is:
"INTERVAL_VALUE"	"SESSIONS"
"13:14:47"	        13
"13:14:52"	        13
"13:14:54"	        13



I have a query that gives me what I want, but it's incredibly inefficient, and I'm hoping someone can give me a more efficient/more elegant way to get this information.

Here is the create sql for the test data:
CREATE TABLE "SESSION_TABLE" 
(
    "SESSIONKEY" NUMBER,
    "SESSION_START_TIME"  TIMESTAMP,
    "SESSION_END_TIME"    TIMESTAMP,
    CONSTRAINT "PK_SESSIONKEY" PRIMARY KEY ("SESSIONKEY")
);

CREATE TABLE "SYSTEM_SETTINGS"
(
    "SETTING_TYPE"  VARCHAR2(25 CHAR),
    "SETTING_VALUE" VARCHAR2(1024 CHAR)
);

INSERT INTO SYSTEM_SETTINGS(SETTING_TYPE,SETTING_VALUE) 
  VALUES ('LICENSELIMIT',100);

INSERT INTO SESSION_TABLE (SESSIONKEY, SESSION_START_TIME, SESSION_END_TIME) 
  VALUES (1,TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:10:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'),
  TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:15:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'));
INSERT INTO SESSION_TABLE (SESSIONKEY, SESSION_START_TIME, SESSION_END_TIME) 
  VALUES (2,TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:10:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'),
  TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:15:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'));
INSERT INTO SESSION_TABLE (SESSIONKEY, SESSION_START_TIME, SESSION_END_TIME) 
  VALUES (3,TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:10:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'),
  TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:15:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'));
INSERT INTO SESSION_TABLE (SESSIONKEY, SESSION_START_TIME, SESSION_END_TIME) 
  VALUES (4,TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:10:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'),
  TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:15:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'));
INSERT INTO SESSION_TABLE (SESSIONKEY, SESSION_START_TIME, SESSION_END_TIME) 
  VALUES (5,TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:10:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'),
  TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:15:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'));
INSERT INTO SESSION_TABLE (SESSIONKEY, SESSION_START_TIME, SESSION_END_TIME) 
  VALUES (6,TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:10:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'),
  TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:15:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'));
INSERT INTO SESSION_TABLE (SESSIONKEY, SESSION_START_TIME, SESSION_END_TIME) 
  VALUES (7,TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:10:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'),
  TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:15:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'));
INSERT INTO SESSION_TABLE (SESSIONKEY, SESSION_START_TIME, SESSION_END_TIME) 
  VALUES (8,TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:10:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'),
  TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:15:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'));
INSERT INTO SESSION_TABLE (SESSIONKEY, SESSION_START_TIME, SESSION_END_TIME) 
  VALUES (9,TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:10:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'),
  TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:15:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'));
INSERT INTO SESSION_TABLE (SESSIONKEY, SESSION_START_TIME, SESSION_END_TIME) 
  VALUES (10,TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:08:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'),
  TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:12:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'));
INSERT INTO SESSION_TABLE (SESSIONKEY, SESSION_START_TIME, SESSION_END_TIME) 
  VALUES (11,TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:12:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'),
  TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:15:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'));
INSERT INTO SESSION_TABLE (SESSIONKEY, SESSION_START_TIME, SESSION_END_TIME) 
  VALUES (12,TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:10:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'),
  TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:11:00','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'));
INSERT INTO SESSION_TABLE (SESSIONKEY, SESSION_START_TIME, SESSION_END_TIME) 
  VALUES (13,TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:19:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'),
  TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:20:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'));
INSERT INTO SESSION_TABLE (SESSIONKEY, SESSION_START_TIME, SESSION_END_TIME) 
  VALUES (14,TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:19:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'),
  TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:20:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'));
INSERT INTO SESSION_TABLE (SESSIONKEY, SESSION_START_TIME, SESSION_END_TIME) 
  VALUES (15,TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:19:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'),
  TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:20:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'));
INSERT INTO SESSION_TABLE (SESSIONKEY, SESSION_START_TIME, SESSION_END_TIME) 
  VALUES (16,TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:19:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'),
  TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:20:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'));
INSERT INTO SESSION_TABLE (SESSIONKEY, SESSION_START_TIME, SESSION_END_TIME) 
  VALUES (17,TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:15:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'),
  TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:15:02','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'));
INSERT INTO SESSION_TABLE (SESSIONKEY, SESSION_START_TIME, SESSION_END_TIME) 
  VALUES (18,TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:13:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'),
  TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:15:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'));
INSERT INTO SESSION_TABLE (SESSIONKEY, SESSION_START_TIME, SESSION_END_TIME) 
  VALUES (19,TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:13:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'),
  TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:15:01','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'));
INSERT INTO SESSION_TABLE (SESSIONKEY, SESSION_START_TIME, SESSION_END_TIME) 
  VALUES (20,TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:10:25','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'),
  TO_TIMESTAMP('13-OCT-10 13:15:04','DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'));


Here is my query that works:
SELECT
  maxval.interval_value,
  allval.sessions,
  licenselimit
FROM
   (SELECT
        CASE WHEN sessions = (SELECT MAX(SESSIONS) FROM (
          WITH	all_periods	AS
          (
            SELECT
              TO_DATE ('13-OCT-10', 'DD-Mon-YY') + ( (LEVEL - 1) / 
                (24 * 60 * 60) ) AS period_start,
              TO_DATE ('13-OCT-10', 'DD-Mon-YY')  + ( LEVEL / 
                (24 * 60 * 60) ) AS next_period_start
            FROM dual
            CONNECT BY LEVEL <= 24 * 60 * 60
          )
          SELECT
            TO_CHAR (ap.period_start, 'HH24:MI:SS') interval_value,
            COUNT(*) sessions
          FROM
            all_periods ap
            JOIN session_table sh ON
                (sh.session_start_time < ap.next_period_start 
                AND sh.session_end_time > ap.period_start) 
              OR (sh.session_start_time < ap.next_period_start 
                AND sh.session_end_time is null)
          WHERE
            sh.session_start_time BETWEEN TO_DATE ('13-OCT-10', 'DD-Mon-YY')
              AND TO_DATE ('13-OCT-10', 'DD-Mon-YY')+1
          GROUP BY
            TO_CHAR (ap.period_start, 'HH24:MI:SS')
          ORDER BY
            TO_CHAR (ap.period_start, 'HH24:MI:SS')
        )) THEN interval_value END interval_value
    FROM
      ( WITH	all_periods	AS
          (
            SELECT
              TO_DATE ('13-OCT-10', 'DD-Mon-YY') + ( (LEVEL - 1) / 
                (24 * 60 * 60) ) AS period_start,
              TO_DATE ('13-OCT-10', 'DD-Mon-YY')  + ( LEVEL / 
                (24 * 60 * 60) ) AS next_period_start
            FROM dual
            CONNECT BY LEVEL <= 24 * 60 * 60
          )
      SELECT
          TO_CHAR (ap.period_start, 'HH24:MI:SS') interval_value,
          COUNT(*) sessions
        FROM
          all_periods ap
          JOIN session_table sh ON 
              (sh.session_start_time < ap.next_period_start 
              AND sh.session_end_time > ap.period_start) 
            OR (sh.session_start_time < ap.next_period_start 
              AND sh.session_end_time is null)
        WHERE
          sh.session_start_time BETWEEN TO_DATE ('13-OCT-10', 'DD-Mon-YY') 
            AND TO_DATE ('13-OCT-10', 'DD-Mon-YY')+1
        GROUP BY
          TO_CHAR (ap.period_start, 'HH24:MI:SS')
        )
    ) maxval JOIN (
      WITH	all_periods	AS
          (
            SELECT
              TO_DATE ('13-OCT-10', 'DD-Mon-YY') + ( (LEVEL - 1) / 
                (24 * 60 * 60) ) AS period_start,
              TO_DATE ('13-OCT-10', 'DD-Mon-YY')  + ( LEVEL / 
                (24 * 60 * 60) ) AS next_period_start
            FROM dual
            CONNECT BY LEVEL <= 24 * 60 * 60
          )
      SELECT
          TO_CHAR (ap.period_start, 'HH24:MI:SS') interval_value,
          COUNT(*) sessions
        FROM
          all_periods ap
          JOIN session_table sh ON 
              (sh.session_start_time < ap.next_period_start 
              AND sh.session_end_time > ap.period_start) 
            OR (sh.session_start_time < ap.next_period_start 
              AND sh.session_end_time is null)
        WHERE
          sh.session_start_time BETWEEN TO_DATE ('13-OCT-10', 'DD-Mon-YY') 
            AND TO_DATE ('13-OCT-10', 'DD-Mon-YY')+1
        GROUP BY
          TO_CHAR (ap.period_start, 'HH24:MI:SS')
      ) allval ON maxval.interval_value = allval.interval_value,
      ( SELECT
          setting_value licenselimit
        FROM
          system_settings
        WHERE
          setting_type = 'LICENSELIMIT'
      );


Thanks for any advice.
Re: Returning all rows that equal a max(value) [message #479145 is a reply to message #479144] Thu, 14 October 2010 14:14 Go to previous messageGo to next message
Michel Cadot
Messages: 68647
Registered: March 2007
Location: Nanterre, France, http://...
Senior Member
Account Moderator
SQL> with
  2    minmax as (
  3      select min(session_start_time) mintim, 
  4             max(session_end_time) maxtim
  5      from session_table
  6    ),
  7    times as (
  8      select mintim+(level-1)/86400 tim
  9      from minmax
 10      connect by level <= ((maxtim+0) - (mintim+0)) * 86400 + 1
 11    ),
 12    counts as (
 13      select tim, count(*) nb,
 14             max(count(*)) over () maxnb
 15      from times, session_table
 16      where tim between session_start_time and session_end_time
 17      group by tim
 18    )
 19  select tim, nb
 20  from counts
 21  where nb = maxnb
 22  order by 1
 23  /
TIM                          NB
-------------------- ----------
13-OCT-2010 13:15:01         14

Regards
Michel
Re: Returning all rows that equal a max(value) [message #479252 is a reply to message #479145] Fri, 15 October 2010 10:06 Go to previous message
mandie722
Messages: 2
Registered: October 2010
Junior Member
Thank you for this, I hadn't realize my query was returning inaccurate results until I compared it to yours in detail. My query execution time has gone from 30 seconds down to less than 1 second.

I learned a lot more about using with. I appreciate the help.
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