| Time Elapsed [message #610286] |
Wed, 19 March 2014 02:27  |
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mist598
Messages: 1195
Registered: February 2013
Location: Hyderabad
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Senior Member |
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Hi all,
Can you please the below code please i am getting time Elapsed more using Bulk than Using Cursor.
SQL> set lines 10000
SQL> set serveroutput on
SQL> set timing on
SQL> DECLARE
2 CURSOR emp_cur
3 IS
4 SELECT empno, ename, job
5 FROM emp;
6 BEGIN
7 FOR rec IN emp_cur LOOP
8 dbms_output.Put_line ('Empno : ' ||rec.empno);
9
10 dbms_output.Put_line ('Name : ' ||rec.ename);
11
12 dbms_output.Put_line ('Job : ' ||rec.job);
13 END LOOP;
14 END;
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.04
Using Bulk..
SQL> DECLARE
2 TYPE emp_no_type IS TABLE OF emp.empno%TYPE;
3 TYPE emp_name_type IS TABLE OF emp.ename%TYPE;
4 TYPE Job_name_type IS TABLE OF emp.job%TYPE;
5 emp_no_tab emp_no_type;
6 emp_name_tab emp_name_type;
7 Job_name_tab Job_name_type;
8 BEGIN
9 SELECT empno,
10 ename,
11 job
12 bulk collect INTO emp_no_tab, emp_name_tab, Job_name_tab
13 FROM emp;
14
15 FOR i IN emp_no_tab.first..emp_no_tab.last LOOP
16 dbms_output.Put_line ('Emp Number: '||emp_no_tab(i));
17
18 dbms_output.Put_line ('Emp Name: ' ||emp_name_tab(i));
19
20 dbms_output.Put_line ('Emp Job: ' ||Job_name_tab(i));
21 END LOOP;
22 END;
23 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Elapsed: 00:00:00.07
Using Cursor Elapsed: 00:00:00.04
Using BULK Elapsed: 00:00:00.07
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| Re: Time Elapsed [message #610335 is a reply to message #610303] |
Wed, 19 March 2014 08:05  |
Solomon Yakobson
Messages: 3273
Registered: January 2010
Location: Connecticut, USA
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Senior Member |
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vslabs wrote on Wed, 19 March 2014 05:52Your benchmark is invalid. And severely flawed.
Why is it flawed? Is single row test and bulk load test produce different number of DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE calls? Is network speed any different during both tests? As you can see time spent on DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE is same in both tests, so test1 elapsed time - test1 elapsed time zeroes out DBMS_OUTPUT spent time. Now about "Besides, the performance difference between a FOR cursor-loop and a BULK COLLECT comes down to context switching". You'd be surpised but there is almost no context switch difference. And that almost comes from declaring a cursor in first test:
SCOTT@orcl > connect scott@orcl
Enter password: *****
Connected.
SCOTT@orcl > set linesize 132
SCOTT@orcl > col event_unit for a15
SCOTT@orcl > col event_unit_kind for a15
SCOTT@orcl > col event_comment for a30
SCOTT@orcl > alter session set events '10938 trace name context forever, level 33'
2 /
Session altered.
SCOTT@orcl > DECLARE
2 CURSOR emp_cur
3 IS
4 SELECT empno, ename, job
5 FROM emp;
6 BEGIN
7 FOR rec IN emp_cur LOOP
8 dbms_output.Put_line ('Empno : ' ||rec.empno);
9 dbms_output.Put_line ('Name : ' ||rec.ename);
10 dbms_output.Put_line ('Job : ' ||rec.job);
11 END LOOP;
12 END;
13 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SCOTT@orcl > alter session set events '10938 trace name context off'
2 /
Session altered.
SCOTT@orcl > select event_seq,
2 event_unit,
3 event_unit_kind,
4 event_comment,
5 sum(decode(event_comment,'PL/SQL Virtual Machine started', 1))
6 over(partition by runid order by event_seq) context_switch
7 from sys.plsql_trace_events
8 where runid = (select max(runid) from sys.plsql_trace_events)
9 order by 1
10 /
EVENT_SEQ EVENT_UNIT EVENT_UNIT_KIND EVENT_COMMENT CONTEXT_SWITCH
---------- --------------- --------------- ------------------------------ --------------
1 PL/SQL Trace Tool started
2 Trace flags changed
3 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK PL/SQL Virtual Machine started 1
4 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
5 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK SELECT EMPNO, ENAME, JOB FROM 1
EMP
6 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Return from procedure call 1
7 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK SELECT EMPNO, ENAME, JOB FROM 1
EMP
EVENT_SEQ EVENT_UNIT EVENT_UNIT_KIND EVENT_COMMENT CONTEXT_SWITCH
---------- --------------- --------------- ------------------------------ --------------
8 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Package Body Elaborated 1
9 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
10 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
11 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
12 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
13 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
14 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
15 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
16 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
17 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
18 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
EVENT_SEQ EVENT_UNIT EVENT_UNIT_KIND EVENT_COMMENT CONTEXT_SWITCH
---------- --------------- --------------- ------------------------------ --------------
19 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
20 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
21 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
22 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
23 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
24 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
25 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
26 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
27 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
28 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
29 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
EVENT_SEQ EVENT_UNIT EVENT_UNIT_KIND EVENT_COMMENT CONTEXT_SWITCH
---------- --------------- --------------- ------------------------------ --------------
30 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
31 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
32 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
33 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
34 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
35 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
36 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
37 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
38 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
39 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
40 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
EVENT_SEQ EVENT_UNIT EVENT_UNIT_KIND EVENT_COMMENT CONTEXT_SWITCH
---------- --------------- --------------- ------------------------------ --------------
41 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
42 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
43 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
44 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
45 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
46 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
47 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
48 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
49 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
50 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
51 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
EVENT_SEQ EVENT_UNIT EVENT_UNIT_KIND EVENT_COMMENT CONTEXT_SWITCH
---------- --------------- --------------- ------------------------------ --------------
52 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
53 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
54 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
55 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
56 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
57 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
58 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
59 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
60 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
61 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
62 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
EVENT_SEQ EVENT_UNIT EVENT_UNIT_KIND EVENT_COMMENT CONTEXT_SWITCH
---------- --------------- --------------- ------------------------------ --------------
63 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
64 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
65 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
66 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
67 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
68 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
69 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
70 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
71 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
72 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
73 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
EVENT_SEQ EVENT_UNIT EVENT_UNIT_KIND EVENT_COMMENT CONTEXT_SWITCH
---------- --------------- --------------- ------------------------------ --------------
74 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
75 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
76 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
77 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
78 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
79 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
80 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
81 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
82 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
83 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
84 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
EVENT_SEQ EVENT_UNIT EVENT_UNIT_KIND EVENT_COMMENT CONTEXT_SWITCH
---------- --------------- --------------- ------------------------------ --------------
85 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
86 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
87 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
88 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
89 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
90 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
91 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
92 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
93 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
94 PL/SQL Virtual Machine stopped 1
94 rows selected.
SCOTT@orcl > connect scott@orcl
Enter password: *****
Connected.
SCOTT@orcl > alter session set events '10938 trace name context forever, level 33'
2 /
Session altered.
SCOTT@orcl > DECLARE
2 TYPE emp_no_type IS TABLE OF emp.empno%TYPE;
3 TYPE emp_name_type IS TABLE OF emp.ename%TYPE;
4 TYPE Job_name_type IS TABLE OF emp.job%TYPE;
5 emp_no_tab emp_no_type;
6 emp_name_tab emp_name_type;
7 Job_name_tab Job_name_type;
8 BEGIN
9 SELECT empno,
10 ename,
11 job
12 bulk collect INTO emp_no_tab, emp_name_tab, Job_name_tab
13 FROM emp;
14 FOR i IN emp_no_tab.first..emp_no_tab.last LOOP
15 dbms_output.Put_line ('Emp Number: '||emp_no_tab(i));
16 dbms_output.Put_line ('Emp Name: ' ||emp_name_tab(i));
17 dbms_output.Put_line ('Emp Job: ' ||Job_name_tab(i));
18 END LOOP;
19 END;
20 /
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SCOTT@orcl > alter session set events '10938 trace name context off'
2 /
Session altered.
SCOTT@orcl > select event_seq,
2 event_unit,
3 event_unit_kind,
4 event_comment,
5 sum(decode(event_comment,'PL/SQL Virtual Machine started', 1))
6 over(partition by runid order by event_seq) context_switch
7 from sys.plsql_trace_events
8 where runid = (select max(runid) from sys.plsql_trace_events)
9 order by 1
10 /
EVENT_SEQ EVENT_UNIT EVENT_UNIT_KIND EVENT_COMMENT CONTEXT_SWITCH
---------- --------------- --------------- ------------------------------ --------------
1 PL/SQL Trace Tool started
2 Trace flags changed
3 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK PL/SQL Virtual Machine started 1
4 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK SELECT EMPNO, ENAME, JOB FROM 1
EMP
5 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK PL/SQL Internal Call 1
6 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK PL/SQL Internal Call 1
7 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Package Body Elaborated 1
8 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
9 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
EVENT_SEQ EVENT_UNIT EVENT_UNIT_KIND EVENT_COMMENT CONTEXT_SWITCH
---------- --------------- --------------- ------------------------------ --------------
10 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
11 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
12 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
13 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
14 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
15 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
16 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
17 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
18 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
19 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
20 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
EVENT_SEQ EVENT_UNIT EVENT_UNIT_KIND EVENT_COMMENT CONTEXT_SWITCH
---------- --------------- --------------- ------------------------------ --------------
21 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
22 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
23 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
24 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
25 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
26 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
27 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
28 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
29 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
30 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
31 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
EVENT_SEQ EVENT_UNIT EVENT_UNIT_KIND EVENT_COMMENT CONTEXT_SWITCH
---------- --------------- --------------- ------------------------------ --------------
32 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
33 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
34 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
35 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
36 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
37 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
38 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
39 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
40 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
41 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
42 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
EVENT_SEQ EVENT_UNIT EVENT_UNIT_KIND EVENT_COMMENT CONTEXT_SWITCH
---------- --------------- --------------- ------------------------------ --------------
43 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
44 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
45 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
46 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
47 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
48 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
49 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
50 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
51 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
52 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
53 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
EVENT_SEQ EVENT_UNIT EVENT_UNIT_KIND EVENT_COMMENT CONTEXT_SWITCH
---------- --------------- --------------- ------------------------------ --------------
54 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
55 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
56 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
57 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
58 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
59 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
60 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
61 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
62 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
63 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
64 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
EVENT_SEQ EVENT_UNIT EVENT_UNIT_KIND EVENT_COMMENT CONTEXT_SWITCH
---------- --------------- --------------- ------------------------------ --------------
65 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
66 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
67 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
68 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
69 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
70 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
71 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
72 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
73 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
74 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
75 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
EVENT_SEQ EVENT_UNIT EVENT_UNIT_KIND EVENT_COMMENT CONTEXT_SWITCH
---------- --------------- --------------- ------------------------------ --------------
76 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
77 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
78 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
79 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
80 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
81 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
82 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
83 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
84 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
85 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
86 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
EVENT_SEQ EVENT_UNIT EVENT_UNIT_KIND EVENT_COMMENT CONTEXT_SWITCH
---------- --------------- --------------- ------------------------------ --------------
87 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
88 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
89 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
90 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
91 <anonymous> ANONYMOUS BLOCK Procedure Call 1
92 DBMS_OUTPUT PACKAGE BODY Return from procedure call 1
93 PL/SQL Virtual Machine stopped 1
93 rows selected.
SCOTT@orcl >
But it is besides the point. Elapsed time diff would include context swich difference if there would be one. This is a basic benchmark. Normally that's what most people do as a first cut. If it shows significant (and what is significant is for person running benchmark to decide) difference we might want to drill down and find out where that difference is coming from.
SY.
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| Re: Time Elapsed [message #610460 is a reply to message #610426] |
Thu, 20 March 2014 05:01 |
Solomon Yakobson
Messages: 3273
Registered: January 2010
Location: Connecticut, USA
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Senior Member |
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OK. Down from theory to trenches. So we have two pieces of code. We want to find out which runs faster (end-to-end). We don't care at this point if, for example, one of them uses more resources thus affecting other users, etc. What would be no-flaw benchmark?
SY.
[Updated on: Thu, 20 March 2014 05:02] Report message to a moderator |
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| Re: Time Elapsed [message #610748 is a reply to message #610460] |
Mon, 24 March 2014 01:49 |
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vslabs
Messages: 26
Registered: March 2014
Location: Cape Town
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Junior Member |
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Question is - why benchmark? How does that achieve the goal in a better/superior way than another method?
If one understand the moving parts involved, one can
a) evaluate each moving part technically
b) compare moving parts to one another
c) make an informed decision as to which fits the requirements the best
For example, an INDEX hint (hardcoded for a specific index name) could provide better performance, than no hint at all. There are however risks using that hint (index name changes: a better index comes along, table structure is altered, etc). There is a reason why the CBO discard using the index - and if an error, one should address the cause and not the symptom.
So benchmarking alone does not really and comprehensively provide an answer to which piece of code is the best. In most cases I would argue, it actually tells very little.
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